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What (who) is bowstring girder bridge - definition
![The stubs at the eastern end of the [[Dunn Memorial Bridge]] give a good cross section of girder bridge construction](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dunn Memorial Bridge Supports.jpg?width=200 "The stubs at the eastern end of the [[Dunn Memorial Bridge]] give a good cross section of girder bridge construction")
![Construction of a box girder viaduct on the [[North–South Commuter Railway]], [[Philippines]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/0197Barangays Burol Balagtas, Bulacan 22.jpg?width=200 "Construction of a box girder viaduct on the [[North–South Commuter Railway]], [[Philippines]].")
![[[Erskine Bridge]], near [[Glasgow, Scotland]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erskine Bridge.jpg?width=200 "[[Erskine Bridge]], near [[Glasgow, Scotland]].")
![Single box girder bridge ([[steel]]), flyover above eastern approach of the [[San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PlateBoxFlyover.jpg?width=200 "Single box girder bridge ([[steel]]), flyover above eastern approach of the [[San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge]].")
![Single box girder bridge ([[concrete]]), [[Australia]]. A similar bridge on this river was fabricated ashore and pushed across its pylons.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Swanport Bridge.jpg?width=200 "Single box girder bridge ([[concrete]]), [[Australia]]. A similar bridge on this river was fabricated ashore and pushed across its pylons.")
![Stockton-on-Tees]] lines up two asymmetrically sized tied arches.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Calm before the storm, Infinity Bridge.jpg?width=200 "Stockton-on-Tees]] lines up two asymmetrically sized tied arches.")
![[[Chaotianmen Bridge]] in [[Chongqing]] (lateral view diagram)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chaotianmen-bridge-elevation.svg?width=200 "[[Chaotianmen Bridge]] in [[Chongqing]] (lateral view diagram)")
![[[Erkkilä Bridge]] in [[Tampere]], [[Finland]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erkkila bridge in Tampere Aug2008.jpg?width=200 "[[Erkkilä Bridge]] in [[Tampere]], [[Finland]]")
![The [[Fort Pitt Bridge]]. The arches terminate atop slender raised piers and are tied by the road deck structure.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FortPittBridge.jpg?width=200 "The [[Fort Pitt Bridge]]. The arches terminate atop slender raised piers and are tied by the road deck structure.")
![Fremont Bridge]] in [[Portland, Oregon]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FremontBridgePano.jpg?width=200 "Fremont Bridge]] in [[Portland, Oregon]].")
![[[Godavari Arch Bridge]] in [[Rajahmundry]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Godavari old and new bridges 2.jpg?width=200 "[[Godavari Arch Bridge]] in [[Rajahmundry]].")
![Yilan County]], Taiwan, Republic of China.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nanfangao Bridge Collapse 20191003d.jpg?width=200 "Yilan County]], Taiwan, Republic of China.")
![[[Hoge Brug]] (or Passerelle Céramique) in [[Maastricht]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Panorama-bridge2.jpg?width=200 "[[Hoge Brug]] (or Passerelle Céramique) in [[Maastricht]].")
![The [[Hoan Bridge]] is a tied-arch bridge, carrying [[Interstate 794]] over the [[Milwaukee River]] in [[Milwaukee]], [[Wisconsin]].}}](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hoan Bridge.jpg?width=200 "The [[Hoan Bridge]] is a tied-arch bridge, carrying [[Interstate 794]] over the [[Milwaukee River]] in [[Milwaukee]], [[Wisconsin]].}}")
![The [[Tyngsborough Bridge]] is the longest and second oldest bridge of this type in [[Massachusetts]].}}](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tyngsborough Bridge.jpg?width=200 "The [[Tyngsborough Bridge]] is the longest and second oldest bridge of this type in [[Massachusetts]].}}")
![The Haggerston bridge carries the [[London Overground]] across the [[Regent's Canal]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Haggerston Bridge.jpg?width=200 "The Haggerston bridge carries the [[London Overground]] across the [[Regent's Canal]].")
![Brunel]] and built in 1849.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brunelwindsorbridge.jpg?width=200 "Brunel]] and built in 1849.")
![The [[Blue Water Bridge]] second span (in foreground) built in 1997.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Blue Water Bridge.jpg?width=200 "The [[Blue Water Bridge]] second span (in foreground) built in 1997.")
![Lake Champlain Bridge]], a network tied arch.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lakechamplainbridge.jpeg?width=200 "Lake Champlain Bridge]], a network tied arch.")
![The [[GFRP Lleida Pedestrian Bridge]], the first and longest through arch made up in [[Fibre-reinforced plastic]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lleida GFRP Pedestrian bridge.jpg?width=200 "The [[GFRP Lleida Pedestrian Bridge]], the first and longest through arch made up in [[Fibre-reinforced plastic]].")
![Gateway Bridge]] in [[Taylor, Michigan]], designed for the preparation for [[Super Bowl XL]], hosted in nearby city of [[Detroit]], built in 2005](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gateway_Bridge,_Taylor_Michigan.jpg?width=200 "Gateway Bridge]] in [[Taylor, Michigan]], designed for the preparation for [[Super Bowl XL]], hosted in nearby city of [[Detroit]], built in 2005")
Wikipedia
A girder bridge is a bridge that uses girders as the means of supporting its deck. The two most common types of modern steel girder bridges are plate and box.
The term "girder" is often used interchangeably with "beam" in reference to bridge design. However, some authors define beam bridges slightly differently from girder bridges.
A girder may be made of concrete or steel. Many shorter bridges, especially in rural areas where they may be exposed to water overtopping and corrosion, utilize concrete box girder. The term "girder" is typically used to refer to a steel beam. In a beam or girder bridge, the beams themselves are the primary support for the deck, and are responsible for transferring the load down to the foundation. Material type, shape, and weight all affect how much weight a beam can hold. Due to the properties of the second moment of area, the height of a girder is the most significant factor to affect its load capacity. Longer spans, more traffic, or wider spacing of the beams will all directly result in a deeper beam. In truss and arch-style bridges, the girders are still the main support for the deck, but the load is transferred through the truss or arch to the foundation. These designs allow bridges to span larger distances without requiring the depth of the beam to increase beyond what is practical. However, with the inclusion of a truss or arch the bridge is no longer a true girder bridge.
